Biblical Terms Hub

This blog is a part of an emerging ministry named Four Bridges Ministry www.fourbridges.org This blog along with others are prototypes of the web based platform that will follow. You can go to Hub of Hub blog http://hubofhubs.blogspot.com/ to link to the other parts of the prototype.

Tuesday, April 12, 2005

INTRODUCTION

Biblical Christianity begins with coming into a spiritual relationship with God through Jesus Christ. Then it is about spiritually growing and maturing. This is done vertically in fellowship with the Living God and horizontally in fellowship with the community of believers. In order for that to happen a person needs to understand important words. These words and their meaning are not found in the popular culture like prime time TV or secular radio.

Unfortunately there is a huge communication gap between a person that grew up in the church world and a person that is new to Christianity. Yet everyday millions of unbelievers and immature believers tune into Christian radio and TV shows. They pick up a Gideon Bible in a motel room, hospital room, or prison cell. They hear a Christian song at a church or concert.

Even within the church world the understanding of the language can block or improve a persons ability to know God and make Him known. Thankfully study Bibles have footnotes and short articles that bring light to the key words. Often without these the reader is either in the dark or may have a wrong understanding.

In a very real way what is used is a technical vocabulary. To further illustrate this point consider that there are many disciplines that also use a technical vocabulary to accurately communicate. You could go to the bookstore of a large university and just open up the text books in the following fields or put the terms into a search engine. Here are just a few examples: calculus, chemistry, music, computer programming and medicine. Other examples include apologetics, theology and biblical archeology.

The error we often commit is to assume that everyone understands all the words that we do related to the Bible, doctrine and theology. That is like going to a foreign country as a tourist and expecting to completely understand the menu at any restaurant.


The Bible uses words that are not familiar to most people today. Some of these are related to the ways that people lived during the Old and New Testament days. (like vineyard, steward, ) Some are terms that have important theological significance (like justification, trinity, tribulation) Others are words that we use today but the biblical meaning is not obvious and people have gotten confused or misled. (like salvation, love, faith)

EXAMPLES

You can tell from the interviews done on the street and in the malls that most people in the public have poor understanding about the basics of the Bible. Imagine that one of them had a conversation with a coworker, relative or stranger and the following items came up. Or imagine that they were surfing the web and bumped into these maters.

The Pharisees brought a women caught in adultery and said their law said to stone her. Who is a Pharisee, what law are they referring to, what does it mean to stone, why did they even come to Him instead of just doing it?

Paul was on a ship going to Rome as a prisoner when a storm hit. All kinds of nautical terms were used. What do they mean?

Often in the gospels various people questioned it Jesus Christ was the messiah? What is the messiah? Why did they ask? How could a person know then or now if He was the messiah?

Various psalms allude to people, places and events that the original audience would have known. Therefore, how can a person in the twenty first century understand the references?

The Last Supper was celebrated at the end of the Jewish Passover feast. What is the Jewish Passover? And why is this timing important?

When Joshua led the children of Israel into the Promised Land he needed to remove various tribes that were there already. They were involved in different kinds of idol worship. Why was it called the Promised Land? Who were these tribes and what were they like. What was their idol worship like and why was that not acceptable?

The OT is full of stories of wars, kings, genealogies, captivities, prophesies, warnings, etc. All of these facets have major and minor terms that are needed to understand.

ONLINE HELPS

Bible Study http://biblestudyhub.blogspot.com/

FUTURE

Four Bridges Ministry will have five services and one of these is Education Nucleus. Part of that is an online lay institute. There will be many and various ways that these terms will be used to help the teachers and challenge the learners.

These terms are just dumped here in a rough organizational order. In the coming months and years many more terms will be added. And they will als be put into an order that is easier to use for the teacher or student. For example when a person is learing a language the vocabulary words are introduced and used in context. There is a gradually progression in order to help the learner gradually gain understanding. We ill develop ways for this to happen.

CAVEAT

Biblical Christianity is MUCH more than head knowledge. The NT emphasizes loving one another from a pure heart. Becoming a maturing follower of Jesus Christ involves a complex process of God the Father gradually conforming you into the image on His Son. Christ likeness is exhibited in such characteristics as humility, patience, service, forgiveness, etc. Another blog can go deep and wide into discipleship. BUT along that path there are specialized words. Each one has significance. Together they are like the notes that a musician uses. This blog is about getting the notes. Then the creative application comes later.

A major pitfall of an imbalanced emphasis on learning Christian vocabulary is that it can lead to pride and self-righteousness.

DEFINE AND DESCRIBE

Body - soul - spirit
World - flesh - devil
Armor of God
Sovereignty of God
Free will
Lust of the eyes – Lust of the flesh - Pride of life
Sins of commission - Sins of omission
Seven deadly sins – Pride, Anger, Lust, Envy, Sloth, Greed, Gluttony
Seven virtues – Humility, Generosity, Love, Kindness, Temperance, Zeal, Self Control
Hell
Heaven
Spiritual warfare
Judgment of unbelievers
Judgment of believers
Eternal rewards
Eternal security & Assurance of salvation
Satan and demons
Angels and archangels
Gospel
Mind of Christ
Heart of God
Great Commission
Salvation
Fruit of the spirit
Spiritual gifts
Works of the flesh
Election
Foreknowledge
Predestination
Calling
Regeneration
Dispensation
Elder
Deacon
Pastor
Rapture
Tribulation
Millennium
Tolerance
Unity – diversity - uniformity
Duty
Community
Koinonia
Blood of Jesus Christ (as in partaking of communion)
Body of Jesus Christ (as in partaking of communion)

OLD TESTAMENT

PLACES
Babylon
Beersheba
Bethel
Carmel
Euphrates River
Garden of Eden
Land of Goshen
Mount Ararrt
Mount Lebanon
Mount Hermon
Mount Carmel
Red Sea
Succoth
Tower of Babel
Wilderness of Sin
Wilderness of Shur
Wilderness of Paran

ANIMALS
Ant
Ass
Bear
Bee
Behemoth
Bull
Camel
Cattle
Deer
Dog
Dove
Eagle
Goat
Grasshopper
Hart
Lamb
Leviathan
Lion
Locust
Ox
Quail
Ram
Raven
Serpent
Sheep
Snake
Sparrow




PEOPLE
Aaron
Abednego
Able
Abigail
Abner
Abraham
Abram
Absalom
Adam
Ahab
Amos
Balaam
Bathsheba
Belshazzar
Boaz
Delilah
Eli
Elijah
Elisha
Enoch
Esau
Esther
Eve
Ezekiel
Ezra
Jacob


JEWISH
WORSHIP
Altar
Anointing oil
Ark of the Covenant
Ephod


HOLIDAYS
Sabbath – The Day of Rest
Pesach -- Passover or The Feast of Unleavened Bread
Shavuot – The Feast of Weeks
Rosh Hashanah – The Jewish New Year
Tom Kippur - The Day of Atonement
Sukkot – The Feast of Tabernacles
Hanukkah – The Festival of Lights
Purim – Celebrate the victory in the book of Esther
LAW, CRIME PUNISHMENT
Stoning
Cut off
Banish

CUSTOMS
Circumcision
Birthright
Inheritance
First born
Betrothal
Wedding
Funeral
Burial
Cities of refuge
Covenant
First fruits & firstlings (first born of livestock)


Tribes of Israel
Dan
Ephraim
Joseph
Benjamin
Levi
Ruben
Naphtali
Gad
Zebulun
Judah
Asher
Issachar
Simeon

Other OT terms
Baal
Baal worship
Courts
Scroll
Exodus
Famine
Flax



ENEMIES IN THE PROMISED LAND
Amalekites
Ammonites
Assyrians
Babylonians
Canaanites
Edomites
Egyptians (enslaved Israelites before Exodus)
Girgasites
Hittites
Hivites
Jebusites
Perizzites
Philestines

NEW TESTAMENT

PLACES


Bodies of water
River Jordan
Sea of Galilee
Dead Sea
Mediterranean Sea

Around Jerusalem
Mount of Olives
Golgotha
Gethsemane
Kidron Valley


Areas of Israel
Galilee
Judea
Perea (Transjordan)
Idumea
Decapolis
Samaria

Areas that Surround Israel

Cities of Christ
Bethlehem
Bethsaida
Caesarea Philippi
Cana
Capernaum
Chorazin
Decapolis
Emmaus
Gennesaret
Jericho
Jerusalem
Nain
Nazareth
Sidon
Sychar
Tyre

Pool of Bethesda
Calvary
Galgatha


Cities that Paul visited
Antioch
Athens
Berea
Caesarea
Corinth
Damascus
Derbe
Ephesus
Ichonium
Lystra
Paphos
Philippi
Rome
Salamis
Thessalonica

Isle of Patmos in Revelation

Seven Cities of the Churches in Revelation
Ephesus
Smyrna
Pergamum
Thyatira
Sardis
Philadelphia
Laodicea





PEOPLE
Jesus Christ
Holy Spirit
God that Father
Mary mother of Jesus
Joseph stepfather of Jesus
John the Baptist
Elizabeth wife of Zechariah
Zechariah

Apostles
Peter
John
James
Philip
Andrew
Bartholomew
Thomas
Matthew
James
Simon the Zealot
Judas (not Iscariot)
Judas Iscariot
Matthias (chosen in Acts 1:15-23)
Paul (Called on the road to Damascus Acts 9:1-19)
Luke
Mark
Herod Antipus
Herod the Great
Nicodemus
Lazarus of Bethany
Martha of Bethany
Mary of Bethany
Mary Mardalene
Caiaphas the high priest
Pontius Pilate
Barabbas



Acts
Ananias & Sapphira
Apollos
Aquila & Priscilla
Barnabas
Cornelius
Dorcas
Felix
Festus
John Mark
King Agrippa
Philippian jailer
Silas
Stephen
Timothy


Titus

Roman rule
Cesar
Procurator
Centurion
Crucifixion


Other NT terms
Diana, goddess worshiped in Ephesus
Alabaster
Chariot
Disciple
Dragon in Revelation
Eloi (as in Eloi, Eloi lama sabachthani)
Epistle
Evangelist
Fasting
Fig tree
Fishing net
Foot washing
Kingdom of God
Disciple
Blasphemy
Amen
Surely surely
Truly truly
Temptation
Steward
Vineyard

TERMS (NOT IN THE TEXT)

Agnostic
Atheist
Theist
Deist
Humanist
Humanitarian
Monotheist
Polytheist
Pantheist
Materialist
Creationist
Evolutionist
Gnostic
Dispensation
Martyr

THEOLOGY AND DOCTRINE

BIBLIOLOGY (study of the Bible)
Revelation
Natural revelation
Special revelation
Inspiration
Authority
Canonicity
Inerrancy
Hermeneutics
Interpretation
Application


THEOLOGY PROPER (Study of God)
Names of God

Nature of God

Anthropomorphism

Anthropopathism



ANGELOLOGY (Study of Angels)
ELECT ANGELS
Cherubim
Seraphim
FALLEN ANGELS
Satan
Demons

ANTHROPOLOGY (Study of Humans)
Body
Soul
Spirit
Heart
Conscience
Will
Emotion
HARTIMOLOGY (Study of Sin)
Sin
Transgression
Law
Lawlessness
Rebellion
Imputation
Sin nature
Flesh
Immorality
Adultery
Fornication
Idolatry

CHRISTOLOGY (Study of Christ)
LIFE OF JESUS CHRIST
Before creation
Christ in the OT
Christophanies
Theophanies
Prophecies and fulfillments
Genealogies
Virgin conception
Birth narrative
Life
Baptism
Ministry
To God
To disciples
To the crowd
To the religious leaders
Last Supper
Trials
Crucifixion
Death
Burial
Resurrection
Importance
Evidences
Results
Ascension
Session
PERSON
Humanity
Deity
Dual Nature - God & Man (Hypostatic Union)
ROLES
Prophet
Priest
Order of Melchizedek
Our High Priest
King
Lord
Advocate
Mediator
Judge
Teacher
Friend
FUTURE
Return
Judge
Reward
Marry His Bride the Church
New Heaven and New Earth
Reign
NAMES & TITLES
Messiah
Son of God
Son of Man
Son of Abraham
Son of David
Lamb of God
Judge
Head of the Universal Church -- His Body
Last Adam
Alpha & Omega
Beginning & End
First & Last
King of Kings
Lord of Lords


I am
Bread of Life
Light of the World
Door of the sheep
Good Shepherd
Resurrection and the Life
The Way, the Truth and the Life
True Vine

Sinless
Suffering Servant




PURPOSES of His Coming
Seek and save the lost
Fulfill all righteousness
Bare witness to the truth

PNEUMATOLOGY (Study of the Holy Spirit)
HOLY SPIRIT IN THE OT
Creation
Upon key OT leaders
Spoke through the OT prophets
Inspired the OT writers
HOLY SPIRIT IN THE NT

Inspired the NT writers
HOLY SPIRIT IN THE LIFE OF JESUS
Baptism
Wilderness
HOLY SPRIT IN THE CHURCH
Arrived at Pentecost as Jesus has promised

NAMES OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
Symbolic names
Fire
Wind
Water
Oil



WORKS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
Woos
Convicts
Sanctifies
Seals
Fills
Indwells
Renews
Refreshes
Inspires
Leads
Teaches
Guides
Comforts
Empowers
Unites
Illuminates the Word of God
Assists with prayers
Gifts
Other

FRUITS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
Love
Joy
Peace
Longsuffering
Kindness
Goodness
Faithfulness
Gentleness
Self-control



SOTERIOLOGY (Study of Salvation)

Atonement
Substitution
Expiation
Redemption
Reconciliation
Propitiation
Forgiveness
Justification
Adoption
Imputation
Rebirth
Born Again
Sanctification
Positional Sanctification or Positional Righteousness
Progressive Sanctification
Ultimate Sanctification
Common Grace
Efficacious Grace
Regeneration
Election
Free will
Sovereignty of God
Predestination
Eternal Security
Assurance

Evangelism
Witness
Testify



ECCLESIOLOGY (Study of the Church – universal and local)
Purposes of the Church
Church Government
Episcopal
Presbyterian
Congregational
Church Leadership
Deacons
Elders
Presbyters
Pastor
Deaconesses
Bishop
Ordinances
Water Baptism
Baptismal regeneration
Infant baptism
Adult baptism (Church of Christ)

Lords Supper
Body of Christ
Blood of Christ
Transubstantiation
Consubstantiation
Memorial meal
Body Life
Worship
Teaching
Preaching
Fellowship

Local Church
Universal Church
Body of Christ
Bride of Christ
Believer-Priest
Clergy
Laity



MISSIOLOGY (Study of Missions)
WHAT does the Bible say about missions?
WHY is it important to include supporting missionaries as part of stewardship?
HOW can an individual or group wisely pray for a missionary?
Nation or people
Unreached
10-40 window
Cross-cultural


ESCHATOLOGY (Study of Last Things)
Postmillennialism
Amillennialism
Premillennialism
Pretribulational rapture
Midtribulational rapture
Posttribulational rapture
HOW can I prepare for the Judgment Day?
As an unbeliever
As a believer

Judgment seat
Rewards
Crowns
Estates
Silver, gold, precious stones
Inheritance
Heaven
Hell
Sheol
Hades
Paradise
Gehenna
Lake of Fire
Purgatory
Second Coming
New Heaven & New Earth

MISC

Pivotal terms
Love
Joy
Peace
Faith
Hope
Grace
Mercy
Forgiveness
Law
Legalism
Justification
Sanctification
Gospel
Righteousness
Sin
Sin nature
Rapture
Trinity
Believe
Commitment
Eternal life
Prayer
Integrity
Witness
Intercede
Praise





Old Testament Prophesies Fulfilled in the New Testament



Old Testament Measures
Liquid and Dry Measures
Ephah = 4 gallons
Weights
Shekel
Talent
Length and Distance
Money
Shekel





New Testament Measures
Liquid and Dry Measures

Weights
Length and Distance
Hand-breath =
Span = 3 hand-breaths = ½ cubit
Cubit = 45 cm = elbow to end of finger
Fathom = 4 cubits = finger tip to finger tip with arms extended
Stade = 100 fathoms
Mile = 8 stades
Sabbath’s day journey = 2,000 cubits

Money
Denarius
Farthing
Mite
Talent



Old Testament Characters in the New Testament
Aaron
Abraham
Adam
Cain
David
Elijah
Isaac
Jacob
Jonah
Moses
Noah
Solomon



Roman Catholic terms
Papacy
Papal infallibility

Purgatory
Indulgences
Anathema
Veneration of Mary
Immaculate Conception of Mary



Heresies
Gnosticism
? of the judiesers


Major Figures in Church History
Church Fathers
Clement of Rome
Ignatius
Polycarp
Origen

Forerunners to Reformation
Wycliffe

Reformers
Luther
Calvin
Zwingli
Knox
Tyndale

Augustine
Edwards




From children’s Bible dictionary
Later fit into outlines above
First born
First fruits
Flax
Foot washing
Frankincense
Frontlets also called Phylacteries
Fuller
Furlong
Gabbatha
Gabriel
Gal
Gamaliel
Gaza
Genealogies
Gentiles
Gethsemane
Gibeon
Gideon
Gleaning
Golgatha
Golaith
Gomer
Gomorra with Sodom
Gospel
Graven images
Hallelujah
Ham
Hamman
Hannah with Eli
Harp
Harvest
Heaven
Hebrew language
Hebrews
Heir
High priest
Hireling
Holiness
Hosanna
Hosea
Husbandman
Hypocrite
Hyssop
Ichabod
Idols
Emmanuel
Incense
Inheritance
Inn
Isaac

HEBREW AND GREEK

The following terms were taken from the short explanations in a popular study Bible. Other study bibles and lists of pivotal terms will be explored to round out this list. A layperson that wishes to improve their understanding of the Bible can make a major step forward by getting a working understanding of just a few dozen terms. The Strong’s numbers follows these words

Hebrew
God – ‘elohim 430
Believe - ‘aman 359
Seed - zera’ 2233
Almighty - shadday 7706
Redeemed - ga’al 1350
Delivered - natsal 5337
Consecrate - qadash 6942
Offering - qorban 7133
Blood - dam 1818
Make atonement – kaphar 3722
Covenant - berith 1285
Name – shem 8034
Peace – shalom 7965
Pray – pala 6419
Passover – pesach 6453
Confess – yadah 3034
Sheol – sheol 7585
Law – torah 8451
Soul – nephesh 5315
Mercy – chana 2603
Praise – halal 1984
Wisdom – chokmah 4339
Blessing - berakah 1293
Spirit – ruach 7307




Greek
Jesus - Iesous 2424
Christ – Christos – 5547
Peter - petros 4047
Rock – petra 4073
Repentance - metanoia 3341
Faith – pistis 4102
Hell – gehenna 1067
Gospel – evangelion 2098
Savior – soter 4990
Baptize – 907
Believe – pisteuo 4100
Grace – charis 5485
Hope – elpis 1680
Stewardship – oikonomia 3622
Spirit – pneuma 1451
Soul – psuche 5590
Body – soma 4983
Mercy - eleos 1656
Know – ginosko 1097
Know - ioda 1492
Word – logos 3056
Word – rhema 4487
Love – agape 26
Knowledge – gnosis 1108
Sin – hamartia 266
Church – ekklesia 1577
Hades – hades 86
Devil - diabolos 1228
Satan - Satanas 4567